O God our help in ages past

This hymn, written by Isaac Watts and based on Psalm 90 and a lot of other scripture passages, makes a beautiful end-year prayer.

(We used to sing it to a much snappier tune in high school, though :))

O God, our help in ages past,
our hope for years to come,
our shelter from the stormy blast,
and our eternal home:

Beneath the shadow of thy throne
thy saints have dwelt secure;
sufficient is thine arm alone,
and our defense is sure.

Before the hills in order stood,
or earth received its frame,
from everlasting thou art God,
to endless years the same.

A thousand ages in thy sight
are like an evening gone,
short as the watch that ends the night
before the rising sun.

Time, like an ever rolling stream,
bears all our years away;
they fly forgotten, as a dream
dies at the opening day.

Our God, our help in ages past,
our hope for years to come,
be thou our guard while life shall last,
and our eternal home.

For the Swahili speakers:

Mungu msaada wetu
Tangu miaka yote,
Ndiwe tumaini yetu
Ya zamani zote.

Kivuli cha kiti chako
Ndiyo ngome yetu,
Watosha mkono wako
Ni ulinzi wetu.

Kwanza havijakuwako
Nchi na milima,
Ndiwe Mungu; chini yako
Twakaa salama.

Na miaka elfu ni kama
Siku moja kwako;
Utatulinda daima
Tu wenyeji wako.

Binadamu huondoka,
Mwisho hana kitu;
Kama ndoto hutoweka
Ndiyo hali yetu.

Ila wewe Mungu wetu,
Ndiwe wa kudumu;
Ndiwe bora, ngome yetu
Twakaa dawamu.

Hark! the herald angels sing

Merry Christmas!

Today’s (very familiar) hymn, like the first in the series, was written by Charles Wesley (keen minds may also have noticed they’re the only ones in the series originally written in English 🙂 ).

Hark! the herald angels sing,
“Glory to the newborn King:
Peace on earth, and mercy mild,
God and sinners reconciled!”
Joyful, all ye nations, rise,
Join the triumph of the skies;
With th’angelic host proclaim,
“Christ is born in Bethlehem!”

Refrain
Hark! the herald angels sing,

“Glory to the newborn King.”

Christ, by highest heav’n adored,
Christ, the everlasting Lord!
Late in time behold him come,
Offspring of the Virgin’s womb.
Veiled in flesh the Godhead see;
Hail th’incarnate Deity,
Pleased as man with men to dwell,
Jesus, our Emmanuel.

Refrain

Hail, the heav’n-born Prince of Peace!
Hail, the Sun of Righteousness!
Light and life to all he brings,
Ris’n with healing in his wings.
Mild he lays his glory by,
Born that man no more may die,
Born to raise the sons of earth,
Born to give them second birth.

Refrain

Source

In the first stanza, Wesley invites us to listen to the angels’ message. In the next two stanzas, he draws us in to worship the newborn King.

If you’d like to explore the biblical themes in greater depth, have a listen to this sermon by Ligon Duncan. Sorry for being brief, but I have some celebrating to do.

Hallelujah, Christ is born!

O come, O come, Emmanuel

Happy 4th and last Sunday of Advent!

Today’s hymn has been a favourite of mine for about a decade. I love the plaintive melody, and now that I know more about the words, I appreciate it even more. Have a listen:


If you’re feeling adventurous, here it is in Latin, with subtitles of a sort (you only need to watch the first 3.5 minutes, as the rest is a repetition).

The original text for the hymn comes from an 8th century Latin poem comprising seven stanzas. In the course of time and translation, some stanzas have been dropped and different English renderings of the Latin phrases adopted. If you’re thus inclined, you may compare 30 different hymnals. Here’s an eight-stanza version I found:

O come, O come, Emmanuel,
And ransom captive Israel,
That mourns in lonely exile here
Until the Son of God appear.

Refrain
Rejoice! Rejoice!
Emmanuel shall come to thee, O Israel.

O come, Thou Wisdom from on high,
Who orderest all things mightily;
To us the path of knowledge show,
And teach us in her ways to go.

Refrain

O come, Thou Rod of Jesse, free
Thine own from Satan’s tyranny;
From depths of hell Thy people save,
And give them victory over the grave.

Refrain

O come, Thou Day-spring, come and cheer
Our spirits by Thine advent here;
Disperse the gloomy clouds of night,
And death’s dark shadows put to flight.

Refrain

O come, Thou Key of David, come,
And open wide our heavenly home;
Make safe the way that leads on high,
And close the path to misery.

Refrain

O come, O come, great Lord of might,
Who to Thy tribes on Sinai’s height
In ancient times once gave the law
In cloud and majesty and awe.

Refrain

O come, Thou Root of Jesse’s tree,
An ensign of Thy people be;
Before Thee rulers silent fall;
All peoples on Thy mercy call.

Refrain

O come, Desire of nations,
bind In one the hearts of all mankind;
Bid Thou our sad divisions cease,
And be Thyself our King of Peace.

Refrain

[Source]

The first line of each verse refers to a messianic title found in the Old Testament:

Title Reference
Emmanuel Isaiah 7:14
Wisdom Isaiah 28:29
Rod (branch) of Jesse Isaiah 11:1
Day-spring (morning star) Numbers 24:17
Key of David Isaiah 22:22
Lord of might Exodus 19:16
Root of Jesse Isaiah 11:0
Desire of nations Haggai 2:7

In the medieval church, they’d sing one stanza a day during each of the seven days before Christmas. Which means this post is just in time!

Sources, and for more info:

Break forth, O beauteous heavenly light

Happy third Sunday of Advent!

Today’s hymn is another one I wasn’t familiar with before starting this series. As always, two renditions:


The original (in German) had twelve verses; I’m glad we have only one in English:

Break forth, O beauteous heavenly light,
and usher in the morning.
O shepherds, shudder not with fright,
but hear the angel’s warning:
this child, now weak in infancy,
our confidence and joy shall be,
the power of Satan breaking,
our peace eternal making.
[source, where there’s a second verse written some 2 centuries after this one]

Now for the scripture in the song:

  • The phrase ‘break forth’ in the KJV (the Bible translation in use at the time this hymn was translated) is almost always used in relation to singing, especially in the book of Isaiah.
  • Secondly, the image of light ushering in the morning brings to mind John 1:5, 8:12, 12:46; Malachi 4:2, and maybe even Revelation 21:23.
  • The third and fourth lines allude to Luke 2:8-11, even though those verses contain no warning (I’m guessing that it’s there to rhyme with ‘morning’).
  • The next two lines, I think, can’t be pinned down to a specific verse. Though that doesn’t diminish their veracity in the least!
  • In the seventh line I see Genesis 3:15, John 12:31, Ephesians 4:8, Colossians 2:15, Hebrews 2:14 and 1 John 3:8.
  • In the last line I see Micah 5:5a and Ephesians 2:14,17.

As Christians reflect on those last two lines, we look back to the cross where Christ won the victory for us and we also look forward to the ultimate consummation of the breaking of Satan’s power when Jesus Christ returns with thousands upon thousands of his holy ones (1 Thessalonians 3:13, 2 Thessalonians 1:7, Jude 1:14)!

Let all mortal flesh keep silence

Happy second Sunday of Advent!

Two weeks ago, I’d never heard of this hymn. One week ago, I had over ž of it committed to memory. Have a listen to any of the two renditions below:

Audio version (opens in a new window)

Not for the faint of heart, the original Greek version.

Here are the words: [Source]

Let all mortal flesh keep silence,
And with fear and trembling stand;
Ponder nothing earthly minded,
For with blessing in His hand,
Christ our God to earth descendeth,
Our full homage to demand.

King of kings, yet born of Mary,
As of old on earth He stood,
Lord of lords, in human vesture,
In the body and the blood;
He will give to all the faithful
His own self for heavenly food.

Rank on rank the host of heaven
Spreads its vanguard on the way,
As the Light of light descendeth
From the realms of endless day,
That the powers of hell may vanish
As the darkness clears away.

At His feet the six wingèd seraph,
Cherubim with sleepless eye,
Veil their faces to the presence,
As with ceaseless voice they cry:
Alleluia, Alleluia
Alleluia, Lord Most High!

I was intrigued at how—for a hymn I found in the ‘Advent’ section of the hymnal—at how unconcerned it was with the events at Bethlehem. I also wondered at the John 6 reference in the last line of the second stanza. So I did some research.

The words of this hymn are taken from the Liturgy of St James, which as far as I can tell is used only in the Eastern Orthodox tradition. The hymn is a celebration of the Eucharist, not the Incarnation, as I was informed by a comment under one of the many YouTube videos I sampled. I am thus fully aware that by including it in my Advent roundup, I’m propagating an improper use of the hymn. So why did I choose it?

First, the idea of singing the same song that countless other brothers and sisters in Christ have sung throughout the centuries blew me away. The liturgy of St James is said to go all the way back to the brother of our Lord Jesus, though its current form is from the 4th century. It is always good to remember that God’s redeemed people have been singing to Him long before our time 🙂

Second, I think the hymn does an excellent job  of presenting the incarnation (without all the contemporary sentimental fluff). Yes, Christ did descend as a baby, but he is also King of Kings, Lord of Lords and the object of the angels’ unending praise.

As to scriptural allusions, here’s what I think:

  • The first line is an echo of Habakkuk 2:20 or Zechariah 2:13 or Zephaniah 1:7.
  • The titles ‘King of Kings’ and ‘Lord of Lords’ are found in Revelation 19:16.
  • ‘As of old on earth he stood’ may be an allusion to the last line of Micah 5:2 (the Bethlehem verse)
  • Christ’s taking on human flesh is found in John 1:14.
  • The last two lines of the second stanza allude to John 6:25-59 (the Bread of Life discourse)
  • The themes of light and darkness (stanza 3) are prominent in John’s gospel. Christ is the light of the world (8:12)
  • Isaiah’s vision (6:1-7) introduces us to the six-winged seraphim. Incidentally, their cry, “Holy, holy,holy,” is here modified to “Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia.”

And what a climax that is, for the hymn ends with our gaze resting on the Lord Most High!

Come, thou long-expected Jesus

Over the next five Sundays (the four of Advent and Christmas day), I’ll be posting on some of  my favourite hymns of the season. Today, the first Sunday of Advent, we start with Come, thou long expected Jesus. Here are two versions of it:


Why did I choose it? For one, it was written by Charles Wesley. Secondly, it expresses Scripture without exactly quoting from it.

Here’s the text of the hymn (source)

Come, thou long-expected Jesus,
Born to set thy people free;
From our fears and sins release us;
Let us find our rest in thee.
Israel’s strength and consolation,
Hope of all the earth thou art;
Dear Desire of ev’ry nation,
Joy of every longing heart.

Born thy people to deliver,
Born a child, and yet a King,
Born to reign in us for ever,
Now thy gracious kingdom bring.
By thine own eternal Spirit
Rule in all our hearts alone;
By thine all-sufficient merit
Raise us to thy glorious throne.

The first line invites us to view the coming of Christ from an Old Testament believer’s point of view. A connection could be made to Simeon, who in Luke 2:25 was waiting for the consolation (or deliverance or restoration) of Israel (Isaiah 40:1, 49:13, 57:18, 61:2). As the stanza goes on, it is clear that Jesus is not only Messiah of Israel, but also the hope of all the world (Isaiah 49:6, 1 John 2:2).

The second stanza takes on a more New Testament stance. I see allusions to Matthew 1:21, 2:2, 6:10, Colossians 3:1 and Revelation 3:21. Overall, the hymn excels at portraying the double nature of Advent—celebrating Christ’s first coming to earth as we eagerly expect His second coming.

Resources:

Good Friday

In the cross, in the cross
Be my glory ever
Till my ransomed soul shall find
Rest beyond the river.

Lead me to the cross, where Your love poured out
Bring to me to my knees, Lord I lay me down
Rid me of myself, I belong to You
Lead me to the cross

The life of a saint

I’m a hymn-lover. Alright maybe not all of them, but if given the choice between my favourite hymns and my favourite contemporary worship songs, it’s not a choice I’ll need a lot of time to think through. So I wholeheartedly recommend these videos on the lives of hymn writers who lived some centuries ago (with the exception of Johnny Cash, who, to the best of my knowledge, didn’t write any hymns. He also lived comparatively recently). The videos’ original container was a sermon series entitled The Rebel’s guide to joy (that I shall have to check out some time in the near future).

In parentheses after the writers’ names is one of the hymns they wrote—just to help associate the person and their work.

Robert Robinson (Come Thou fount)

William Cowper (There is a fountain filled with blood)

Charlotte Elliot (Just as I am)

Horatio Spafford (It is well)

Phillip Bliss (Man of sorrows)

Johnny Cash

John Newton (Amazing Grace)

Charles Wesley (And can it be)

Isaac Watts (When I survey)

Fanny Crosby (Blessed Assurance)